DNA Testing

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a nucleic acid and DNA molecules contain genetic information of all living organisms including humans, animals, plants and bacteria. DNA molecules are long, double stranded, helical molecule responsible for trait inheritance in living beings. Our each and every body cell (muscle, brain, liver, blood, sperm, etc.) contains DNA molecules except red blood cells. With the help of a DNA test, you can get evidence about your family history or genealogy. However, a DNA test cannot specify genetic diseases.

Types of DNA Tests

· Y chromosome (Y-DNA) testing: Y chromosome (Y-DNA) testing is used to trace paternal ancestry of a person. For a female to check her paternal ancestry, this test can be performed on any male family member sharing the same paternal lineage.

· Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) testing: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) testing is the testing of DNA present in mitochondria (generally inherited from mother) to trace maternal ancestry of a person.

Benefit and Uses of DNA testing

· DNA Paternity Testing: DNA Paternity Testing is used to confirm the paternity of a child. In paternity test, a child's DNA profile is compared with the purported parent to reveal that whether a child is biologically related to the parent or not.

· Legal DNA Paternity Testing: Legal DNA paternity testing is used to resolve heritage disputes or for immigration purposes. These results are frequently used in family law matters like child custody, child care, etc.

· Immigration DNA paternity testing: Immigration DNA paternity testing is used by embassies worldwide for migration purposes. Many people also use DNA testing services to get sponsorship immigration to other country by showing biological relationship with people of that country. These tests are performed by certified DNA testing labs.

· Prenatal Paternity testing: Prenatal DNA testing is used to check the paternity of a fetus. This test is applicable for both a legal test and a peace of mind test.

· DNA Sibling testing: DNA sibling testing is used when the purported father is not available, and the test is performed on children to determine whether they are half or full sibling.

· DNA Testing Genealogy/ Ancestry DNA testing: Ancestry DNA testing is used to discover the family history by studying the current DNA samples. These tests typically compare the results of living individuals but not deceased ones to specify the genealogy information and also used to determine the migration patterns of ancient people.

· Forensic DNA Testing: In forensic DNA testing, the sample of DNA from the crime site is compared with the suspected criminal to identify a perpetrator. It is generally performed by FBI to find out and convict the criminal.

· DNA Testing for Dog: DNA testing for dog or any pet is used to identify the pathogen especially in case of mixed breeds. With infectious DNA testing for animals, you can identify the current infection troubling the animal.

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